Friday, May 29, 2020
Historic Figure Martin Luther King, Jr. - 1925 Words
Historic Figure: Martin Luther King, Jr. (Essay Sample) Content: Historic Figure: Martin Luther King, Jr.NameInstructorCourseDateOutlineIntroductionThesis statement: Martin Luther King Jr. is a legend who fought for equal treatment of all races in the United States of America.Overview: Luther King Jr. had the interest of all Americans at heart. He wanted everyone to get equal treatment regardless of his or her race. He used his influence, as a preacher, to gather support. This made him receive backing in his call for peaceful demonstrations to condemn racism in America. The protests led to the enactment of legislation that gave African-Americans constitutional protection.BackgroundLuther King Jr. was born in the year 1929, in the state of Georgia.He had an ability to convince people and lead peaceful protests against racial biasness. Martin and other champions of equality guided people in the condemnation of the requirement by Montgomery, that African-Americans stand up for the Native Americans in buses. Their arrest did not stop t hem from fighting for the Negroes.Protests, change, and the assassination of King Jr.There were protests in the year 1963 that saw the police use excessive force on the demonstrators. The action by the officers faced condemnation that made them have a soft approach to protestors.King Jr. influenced more than two thousand people who participated in peaceful protests to Washington DC. He then delivered his I have a dream speech at this city.The US Congress approved the Civil Rights Act that gave all the citizens equal opportunities.Martin received Nobel Peace Prize and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1964.King Jr. was assassinated in the year 1968.ConclusionMartin Luther King Jr. remains an inspirational figure. NameInstructorCourseDateHistoric Figure: Martin Luther King, Jr.Martin Luther King Jr. is a legend who fought for equal treatment of all races in the United States of America. His zeal for change and racial equality led to the introduction of a fair treatment of all the A mericans. This helped the Negroes to gain power of participation in electoral processes in the USA. He advocated for indiscriminating handling of people with African backgrounds. This was through the formation of the African-American Civil Rights Movement. Luther King Jr. was successful in his dream of an all-inclusive society because he had the support of all the African-Americans. This was facilitated by his position of spiritual head of the Baptist church. He used peaceful demonstrations as ways of airing his views and those of other people who had dark complexions. The peaceable protests drove the US Congress to the formulation of laws that recognized the rights of all the races that resided in the country. This occurrence culminated in the honoring of King Jr. with a Nobel Peace Prize (Jeffrey 109).King Jr. was born in the year 1929, in the state of Georgia. He was good at public speaking that made him attract big crowds whenever he was addressing gatherings. His fame rose in the year 1955 when his group, which fought for equal opportunities and treatments of all races, led a protest against Montgomery. This resulted in their arrest. Montgomery was a company that offered transport services to Americans. It came up with a policy that required all the people, who were of African origin, to stand up and hand over their bus seats to Americans with light complexions. This was to apply every time when the Native Americans entered the buses, and there were no seats for them. The rule also required that African passengers move to the back of the buses where they were to stand throughout their journeys. This made King Jr. and other crusaders of civil rights to initiate peaceful demonstrations, which called for the enactment of a fair legislation that would protect African-Americans (Kirk 183).Despite their arrests after the protests in the late 1950s and early 1960s, King Jr. and his supporters did not abandon their quest for just treatment of Africans. In the ye ar 1963, Luther and other pro-equality individuals led a spate of demonstrators in Alabama to compel the government to protect the Negroes. This did not go down well with the authorities, and they opted to face the nonviolent protesters with ferociousness. Martin and his group received a brutal handling from the police officers who had orders to deal with them ruthlessly. It was unfortunate for them because the officers were Native Americans. The police used dogs and sprayed liquids, which were contaminated with chemicals, on the people who were opposing racism. This behavior attracted worldwide criticism because it was the headline on all the daily publications. The concomitant of the condemnation was a more friendly treatment of protestors by the authorities than before, which empowered the leaders of the political movements to devolve their activities to the community level. There were numerous protests from different residential areas in the same year, which had more than two hu ndred and fifty thousand participants (Ralph 201). The group arrived in Washington DC, which was the place where King Jr. delivered the notable speech I have a dream.In the year 1964, the go...
Saturday, May 16, 2020
The Effects of Media on Womens Self Esteem Essay
In 2001, actress Kate Winslet caused controversy over a statement she made about her weight. She told Britianââ¬â¢s Radio Times that she needed to lose weight ââ¬Å"or I wonââ¬â¢t work.â⬠She was referring to the nearly fifty pounds she gained during her pregnancy, but fans were still upset over the famously curvy actressââ¬â¢s confession. Then, in 2003, Winslet shocked fans and critics alike when she expressed her distaste for GQ Magazineââ¬â¢s digitally slimmed pictures of her (Tauber, 2001). The most recent criticism of Winslet was in 2008. She appeared in Vanity Fair Magazine looking slightly thinner than normal, and many people were judging Winslet for being hypocritical. Winsletââ¬â¢s rep said that she was not airbrushed to look thinner, that that isâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Also, because Barbieââ¬â¢s body proportions are so extreme, she would have to walk on her hands and knees. Her bust is so big and her feet are so small she would just top ple forward trying to walk normally (Page, n.d.). Knowing this, why are children still given this doll, if it portrays such an unrealistic body type that young girls are going to learn to strive for? Another example of the unattainable body portrayed to young women is magazine covers with airbrushed women. Like previously discussed, Kate Winslet was under a critical eye for this issue. Many magazines like Teen Vogue, Seventeen, and Cosmopolitan market to young girls, and portray unattainable beauty. On top of the airbrushing done to make the cover women to appear thinner, actresses and models are constantly pressured to be thinner. Actress Charlize Theron confessed in an interview that she is naturally a size eight and she feels weak when she is not her natural size (Tauber, 2001). While flipping through the channels, it is rare that the average person would not come across one of reality televisionââ¬â¢s new fads: plastic surgery reality shows. Most of these shows have average women competing for plastic surgery to make them look extraordinary. This gives a message to young girls that everyone is getting plastic surgery and they are not attractive if they do not. With all these examples of unattainable beauty constantlyShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Media On Women s Self Esteem1327 Words à |à 6 Pagesthis paper, I will argue that the media portrays one image of beauty and this has a damaging effect on womenââ¬â¢s mental health, resulting in low self esteem and further deepening gender inequality within our society. I will argue this by discussing the effect media has on womenââ¬â¢s self esteem, how the media promotes a patriarchal society and the stereotypes it presents to the public. Finally, I will discuss the sexual objectification of women presented in the media and later examine how individualsRead MoreMedia s Effect On Self Esteem1731 Words à |à 7 Pagesthe media has become ever-increasingly present in our everyday lives. The latest fashion editorials and the most exclusive celebrity selfies are always just a click away. Something so pervasive, however, should be intently studied and handled with extreme caution due to the vast influence it can have over its audienceââ¬â¢s mind. Too much exposure to certain stimuli has previously been shown to affect cognition and behavior in adolescents. So why should media be any different? Social media appsRead MoreMass Media Effects on Women1721 Words à |à 7 Pages Mass media Effects on women Advertisement put adverse impact on womenââ¬â¢s these could be internal or external. Internally when women watch ideal or thin images of models in advertisement then they feel very unattractive compare to the models in commercials. They feel lower self-esteem and self-concept in them and it generates anxiety or depression in women. According to articleâ⬠negative body image is associated with poor self-esteem, anxiety about social evaluation, public self-consciousnessRead MoreMedia And Its Impact On Society1696 Words à |à 7 Pages Media has an impact on many of the populationââ¬â¢s everyday life. It comes to no surprise that the media is closely related with body imaging. There are thousands of advertisements out in the media that depict images of beauty and physical attractiveness which are unrealistic. The masses see these images and think that they are achievable thus lowering the self-esteem of many. Many of these commercials and advertisements fall under the categ ory of the following: weight loss, clothing, cosmetics andRead MoreSocial Media Allows People To Share Pictures And Ideas1057 Words à |à 5 PagesSocial media allows people to share pictures and ideas with others across the world. Women and girls can use social media to earn approval for their appearance and compare themselves to others. Women during this time period that are so heavily impacted by the media can link their self-worth to their looks. I used scholarly articles all relating to how social media affects body image to decide what my view point was. After research, we can conclude that social media has a negative effect on a womanââ¬â¢sRead MoreThe Effects Of Media On Women s Body Image1242 Words à |à 5 Pages The influence of the media on all aspects of culture and society has been a issue around the world. One of the social cultural aspects particularly influenced by the media is body image. A surprisingly large number of individuals, the majority of which are young women, develop their body image in with the ideas advanced by the media, which judge womenââ¬â¢s attractiveness based on how thin they are. Body-image plays a very important role in our individualistic society. Modern beauty image standardsRead MoreThe Medias Negative Affect on Women Essay1279 Words à |à 6 PagesAffect on Women Our societyââ¬â¢s media portrays women in a very distorted and twisted way. Women in the media are made out to be purely sexual objects. Only images of women who are thin, over sexualized, and what our cultural believes to be ââ¬Å"beautifulâ⬠are shown on television, magazines, and ads. Lyrics in popular music often also degrade women. Constantly being bombarded by these inaccurate depictions of how females should look and be treated has many negative effects on women. Inaccurate depictionsRead MoreThe Media Of A Middle School Student1486 Words à |à 6 PagesAs a middle school student, I was oblivious to the unrealistic portrayals in the media, but I was not able to escape its harmful grasp. It seemed every girl at the school suffered with body image issues because their perception of beauty is what they had been taught by society. Anorexia and bulimia were far too common, while self-esteem and confidence were very hard to find. Not only were the girls trying to become à ¢â¬Å"beautiful,â⬠they were also trying to act older than they were. Starting at the extremeRead MoreEffects of Media on Body Image855 Words à |à 3 PagesEffects of Media on Body Image Discussion This study was conducted to analyze the impact of media, mainly fashion magazines, on how women perceived the idealized body weight and shape as well as the impact of media on the decision to diet or initiate an exercise program. Twenty working class women were given questionnaires at different times. The exposure to fashion magazines was assessed by determining whether the participant was a high level frequency viewer of fashion magazines, viewing themRead MoreFemale Athletes And Male Athletes1390 Words à |à 6 Pagesathletes, men receive a tremendous amount of media attention than female athletes. Young boys grow up watching television bombarded with heroic images of male athletes. They have something to look up to, while young girls do not receive the same images. Male and female athletes have many equal opportunities when it comes to playing and succeeding in sports. Yet it seems that male sports happen to catch more of the limelight when it comes to the media and the publicity they receive for the athletics
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Analysis Between Old World and New World Gender Roles Essay
Throughout American history, women, have been discriminated against and did not receive the same political as well as social rights as men since America was heavily a patriarchal society. Although women were still not on the same level of power as men in America, when women began to actually make social and political advancements in the early 20th century, their newfound liberty exceeded the independence that women of Old World cultures received and this if evident in the book Breadgivers Anna Yezierska. In the early half of the 20th century, a womens role in America was not only controlled by the society, but it was also profoundly defined by her culture. In Breadgivers, the daughter of Jewish immigrants must battle withâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦ This verbal recognition goes beyond just the thoughts of individual feeling as if they are the powerless considering that when someone verbally says something, it shows that they are complete confidence that what they are saying is the truth and completely acceptable. Although often times in society, a daughters ideology and values often resemble the values of her mother, however Saras recognition of her independence as a women is quite evident in her relationship between her and her father and it is definitely owed to her assimilation of American values. Sara believed He was the Old World. I was the New. The two often had conflicts because Sara strived for more independence and the father strived for more control and the two recognized that their differences were a result of the New World American culture and the Old World Jewish culture. The father once stated to Sara You think millions of educated old maids like you could change the world one inch? Woe to America where women are let free like men. All, thats false in politics, prohibition, and all the evils of the world come from them. This exemplifies how the father feels not only should the women be controlled by men, but he also believes that the American values of a more independe nt women stem from evil. This shows the fathers conflict between womens emancipation and American assimilation. Despite the fact that the mother never assimilated toShow MoreRelatedââ¬Å"Are Parentsââ¬â¢ Gender Schemas Related To Their Childrenââ¬â¢S1176 Words à |à 5 Pagesââ¬Å"Are Parentsââ¬â¢ Gender Schemas Related to Their Childrenââ¬â¢s Gender-Related Cognitions? A Meta-Analysisâ⬠is a journal article published by Developmental Psychology on February 20th, 2002. This research report is a complication of 43 published studies including 48 research samples that were analyzed. The purpose of the complication was to determine if there is a correlation between the gender schemas or stereotypes, beliefs, preferences, and roles held by parents has an effect on the gender cognitions ofRead MoreAn Examination Of Gender And Sexual Differences1191 Words à |à 5 Pagessupposition or a system of ideas intended to explain something, especially one based on general principles independent of the thing to be explained. (Webster Dictionary) Joyce Rosemary argues and sees it as an ex amination of gender (2013). This should explain only perceived differences between men and women but also the male dominance. Joyce Rosemary (2013) traces presence of the naturalization of biological differences to the initial arguments of feminists women subordinate the status was based on culturalRead MoreWomen s Impact On The Media Industry1067 Words à |à 5 Pages In a world where women account for just under half the population the representation of women in media is shocking! Media is one of the most powerful tools to educate, effect social changes and spread political awareness in the world. From childhood our personalities have been shaped due to films and TV programmes, yet only 12% of protagonists in 2014s top 100 grossing films were female. This is only one of the many examples of how women are unfairly disadvantaged in the media industry. This isRead MoreGender Inequality And The Status Of Women Within Canada939 Words à |à 4 PagesGender Inequality and the Status of Women within Canada It was only after several years of working as an executive that I realized that I had been born with a natural aptitude for an executive role. Prior to this realization, I had perceived myself as someone who had ââ¬Ëflukedââ¬â¢ into the jobââ¬âit was my fatherââ¬â¢s business and he had passed away, the company needed a president and I was executor of the estate. Despite the fact that I was asked to stay on as Marketing Director by the two lawyers who boughtRead MoreThe Age Of Innocence By Edith Wharton And The Waste Land1398 Words à |à 6 Pagesway and compare these two women characters. Whartonââ¬â¢s portrayal of gender in the society of Old New York illustrates the ââ¬Å"perfectâ⬠woman through May Welland along with the ââ¬Å"imperfectâ⬠woman through Ellen Olenska, whereas in the poem The Waste Land by T.S. Eliot, the role and sexuality of women is shown through the juxtaposition of two women in the section ââ¬Å"A Game of Chess.â⬠In The Age of Innocence, Edith Wharton portrays gender through the juxtaposition of Ellen and May. May is the type of womanRead MoreSummary Of Elizabeth Diazs I Am My Member 1505 Words à |à 7 PagesGray is from Dallas, Texas Lesbian, Graffiti Artist and Marijuana user. She befriended with many people of color and she is White. Brigitte Anne Dionisio: Dionisio was born and grew up in the Philippines, moved to the US with siblings at 11 years old. Her family, both speak Tagalog and English fluently at home, Dionisio said in her culture Family is valuable, and ââ¬Å"Thatââ¬â¢s what my elders teach us at every generation.â⬠Says Dionisio. She and her family arenââ¬â¢t religious; Dionisio does go to church onRead MoreJessie Pope War Women Analysis1582 Words à |à 7 PagesMasculinity and Femininity in Jessie Popeââ¬â¢s war poems: ââ¬Å"War Girlsâ⬠and ââ¬Å"The Callâ⬠The world wars have greatly impacted modern British literature in the 20th century. There were many poems written about the period of war; some showed them in a positive light and some negative. Gender roles, gender relations on what means to be a man or a woman impacted greatly during this time. In particular with World War I, women in large numbers took over jobs in the homeland while the men were out fighting. QuestionsRead MoreHere Are My Members Of My Group : Elizabeth Diaz1492 Words à |à 6 Pagesculture. Ashten Gray: From Dallas, Texas Lesbian, Graffiti Artist, and Marijuana user. She became friends with many people of color. Brigitte Anne Dionisio: She was born and grew up in the Philippines, moved to the United States with siblings at 11 years old. Her family both speak Tagalog and English fluently at home, Dionisio said in her culture Family is valuable, That s what my elders teach at every generation. Says Dionisio. She and her family aren t that religious, Dionisio does go to church onRead MoreHow Paper has revolutionized the World1574 Words à |à 7 PagesIn 2nd Century BC, when papermaking was first invented, the Chinese inventors created an object as light as a feather that contains more power than all the armies of the world. Paper has unquestionably been a force that has revolutionized the world. While it is universally accepted that paper has been a liberating force for society it has also been a medium that has led to misfortune for many people. Like a double-edged sword; paper can acts as a vehicle for sharing and a catalyst for great changeRead MoreAfrican Literature and Culture1447 Words à |à 6 PagesAnalyzing male-female relationships in African literature enables a better understanding of how African writers view the gender roles including the application of religious aspects, marriage and identity, midwives and slave women, nationalism, and migration. In earlier works, the female gender was often perceived as ââ¬Å"the Queen Mother.â⬠Many African writers portray women in traditional roles whereas articles written in the past few decades analyze male-female relationships with a more feminist approach.
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
The Foreign Direct Investment in Pakistan-Samples for Students
Question: Discuss about the International Business across Borders. Answer: Introduction The foreign direct investment (FDI) is considered as the investment (form of control of the ownership of the business in one country), which is controlled by another entity located in another foreign location (Bilawal et al. 2014). The foreign direct investments encompass the broad range of mergers, acquisitions and the expansion of businesses in foreign countries. The FDI is one of the main parameters that need to be considered for the investment opportunities. There are several emerging markets in the world which has the capability of meeting the standards of a developed nation but are currently considered as developing nation (Salvatore 2014). These include the markets which have enormous potential for future investments and have rapid growth in their gross domestic product (GDP). The emerging markets do possess a hedge capital of over $121 billion. There is a per capita income between 10% and 75% in the emerging countries (Bilawal et al. 2014).These countries are also characteriz ed by tremendous economic growth, which has reduced their income gap with the advanced countries. The selected emerging country for the purpose of this study is Pakistan. There have been tremendous developments in the business marketplace of Pakistan and there has been an increase in the market inflows of the country (around $ 300- $500 million) (Dabla-Norris et al. 2015). The international entities have the option to invest in the Pakistan market as per their foreign portfolio and weight. This report would discuss the different parameters that would determine the profitability of the country for rapid investment. The general overview of the country would be given along with the different political, economic, technological and other factors. The national resources creating competitive advantages would also be underlined. The foreign currency as well as exchange influences would be discussed along with the existing levels of FDI. General Overview of Pakistan The economy of Pakistan is considered as the 24th largest one in the world as per as the purchasing power parity is concerned and it also occupies the 42nd position as per as the nominal gross domestic product is concerned (Finance.gov.pk 2017). The undocumented economy of Pakistan accounts for 36% of the total economy. Pakistan is considered as a developing country which has high potential of becoming the worlds largest economies soon (Finance.gov.pk 2017). The economy of Pakistan is considered as semi-industrialized and the primary export commodities include the leather goods, sports goods, medical instruments and others. The growth areas of Pakistan are located along the Indus river and the several diversified economies of Punjab, Karachi and others (World Bank 2017). The Foreign Exchange Reserves received steady worker remittances, however, there has been growing current deficit, which needs to be improved upon (World Bank 2017). The country is currently in the process of economi c liberalization which includes the privatization of all the government organizations (Finance.gov.pk 2017). This process is aimed at attracting the foreign investments as well as to decrease the various budget deficits. Pakistan has crucial strategic endowments and tremendous development potential (World Bank 2017). There has been an increase in the Pakistans youth population, who has the potential of demographic dividend and there is a challenge for the country to provide them adequate employment and service (World Bank 2017). The country has achieved macroeconomic stability in the last three years. There has been significant reduction in the fiscal deficit of Pakistan and it has reduced from 8 percent to 5 percent (Finance.gov.pk 2017). There are pressures on both external balances and fiscal consolidation.There has been significant reduction in the poverty levels of the region (World Bank 2017). There has been greater decision-making authority that has been bestowed on the provincial governments. PEST analysis of Pakistan It is important to compare the various components of the external environment of Pakistan in order to gain a clearer picture of the country. The PEST analysis of the country is done as under- Political Pakistan has got democratic system and it has got democratically elected government. The political system of Pakistan is not considered as strong enough and it is a weak government (Hussain et al. 2014). There are cases of commission, corruption, money laundering and others, which the government has close connection. The widespread levying of taxes on several products has cause anger among the citizens of the country. Economic The economic situation of Pakistan is poor and experts opine that there have been net losses for the country. The economic growth of Pakistan is considered as slow and the overall purchasing parity of the consumers is considered as low (Myerson 2014). The government has heavy loans from international financial institutions such as World Bank and IMF. The distribution of the income is not uniform and there is a wide gap between the rich and the poor (Hussain et al. 2014). Social The Government of Pakistan allocates the least amount to educational facilities and the health facilities. The retail outlets of the country give environment efficient fuel and take no additional costs from the customers (Hussain et al. 2014). These kinds of fuels play an important role in reducing the exhaust emissions that are caused in the process of greener environment. Technological Pakistan has witnessed significant technological improvement in the industrial sector including the oil and petrol industry (Hussain et al. 2014). There has been stagnant nature of the industrialization of the country. There has been significant rise in the manufacturing technology of the country (Arshad and Ali 2017). National resources and factor endowments which create competitive advantage in Pakistan Pakistan is known for its competencies in home furnishings, textiles, primary products and others. The country has large deposits of copper/gold ore deposits as well as it has large deposits of rock salt (Sohail et al. 2013). The mineral resources of Pakistan are rich and they comprise of limestone, chromite, rock salt, iron ore, fire clay, silica sand and others (Sohail et al. 2013). This kind of national resources makes the country a lucrative place to invest in and utilize the natural resources. Pakistan has high levels of natural gas production and The Sui gas field is considered to be the largest (Khan et al. 2016). The country has abundance of natural resources and it is a country that is blessed with several kinds of fossil fuels. These resources should be utilized well by the country in order to be a successful one. But, there has been instances of political instability, lack of law and corruption that has led to the lack of utilization of the natural resources (Sohail et al. 2013). The country can use these natural resources to create competitive advantage and attract the foreign investors. The competitive advantage of Pakistan can be analyzed with the help of opportunity costs. The country has this advantage as the cost of producing goods in this country is lower than that produced by any other country (Sohail et al. 2013). There are two kinds of factor endowments that are considered such as production parameters and the advanced factors. The country has considerable land for farming and most important crops in the country are cotton, sugarcane, wheat and wheat (Spate and Learmonth 2017). The country has the largest manpower and labor resources, which derives its source from the large population. Around 43% of the population is involved in agriculture and there is a wide debate on the child labor in Pakistan. The advanced parameters focus on the fact that the country has fairly adequate supply of managerial skills, technological know-how as well as good amount of physical infrastructure. Foreign Currency and exchange influences of Pakistan The exchange rate plays a vital role in the international trade markets. It also plays an important part in the globalization as the lower currency rate would enable cheaper exports as well as a higher currency rate would enable expensive export (Bahmani-Oskooee, Iqbal and Nosheen 2016). There is significant devaluation of the Pakistani currency as compared to the other currencies especially US$ (Bahmani-Oskooee, Iqbal and Nosheen 2016). The currency of the country is Rupee and it is managed by the Bank of Pakistan, which is considered as the central financial institution of the country. This institution is trying to do reform in this area and it is planning to tighten the money policy. There are recurring international worker remittances which would help in the creation of foreign exchange reserves (Bahmani-Oskooee, Iqbal and Nosheen 2016). Pakistan is successful in maintaining the constant nominal exchange rate throughout 1970 (Khan, Sattar and Rehman 2015). The domestic inflation of the country has exceeded the world price inflation. The government of the country has reported to export subsidies and there has been tightening of the licensing procedures (Bahmani-Oskooee, Iqbal and Nosheen 2016). In the past, the Pakistan Government has resorted to delinking of the currency from dollar and the country has adapted to flexible exchange rate policy. Existing trade policies, barriers, systems of Pakistan The trade balance is an important parameter in the determination of the exchange influences. It can be defined as the difference between the exports and imports of the countries (Bahmani-Oskooee, Iqbal and Nosheen 2016). The trade balance of the country includes both the debit items as well as credit items. The various debit items is inclusive of the foreign aid, domestic investments, imports and others (Mashkoor, Ahmed and Herani 2015). The various credit items include the foreign spending in domestic economy and various levels of export. Pakistan has an external debt of about $45 billion and it is expected to reach around $52 billion once the IMF loan is being sanctioned (Mashkoor, Ahmed and Herani 2015). A large part of the reserve is used for debt servicing. An approximate number of 45 percent of the population lives below the poverty line and hence the country needs to formulate policies that focus on privatization and liberalization. Pakistani exports mainly comprise of the agr icultural goods such as sports goods, rice, leather, textiles and others. The export growth rate of Pakistan is 4.06% and the growth rate of the imports is 1.22% (Khan, Sattar and Rehman 2015). There has been considerable growth in the imports sector of Pakistan as compared to the export policy (Mashkoor, Ahmed and Herani 2015). However, there have been trade deficits of the country and the reason for the oil imports cost can be attributed to the various trade imbalances. The trade policy of Pakistan is biased towards the protection of manufacturing goods in the domestic market and the promotion through the process of export subsidiaries in the external markets (Mashkoor, Ahmed and Herani 2015). The imports of the various manufacturing goods have been subsidized through the use of various restrictions such as quotas, tariffs and the various manufacturing goods export (Malik 2014). The effective rates of protection include the sharp decline of food, cigarettes, chemicals, footwear and others. The current tariff system of Pakistan is considered to be high tariff in spite of the steady growth of the economy (Mashkoor, Ahmed and Herani 2015). The tariff levels as well as non-tariff protection have witnessed significant reduction and the country has medium-trade policy measures. Current standards of Foreign Direct Investment The foreign direct investment in Pakistan is important and the country must pay attention to policies that would attract the different foreign investors (Raza 2015). Pakistan has small inflow of FDI and it is concentrated in only few regions, which is mainly in the power areas. The country lacks the implementation of measures that would attract the FDI investment. Since there is a negative effect of the fact that FDI is concentrated in the power sector, there would be an increase in the remittances by IPP. Pakistan was basically an agricultural country at the time of independence in 1947 and its industrial capacity was small to process the locally produced agricultural raw material (Mashkoor, Ahmed and Herani 2015). The country now has liberal as well as market oriented policies and experts opine that the private sector fosters the economic growth of the country. The FDI in Pakistan has three important elements such as cash brought in, re-invested earnings and capital equipment broug ht in. Pakistan government encourages the FDI investment in the country and hence it has set up an Export Processing Zone (EPZ) in Karachi. It provides various concessions and facilities in the industrial projects. The overseas citizens of the country were exempted from disclosure of the funds origin for investment (Mashkoor, Ahmed and Herani 2015). The country has more liberal FDI policies and it is intended to minimize the difficulties faced by the industries when setting up companies here. There has been more number of deregulation, liberalization and privatization policies, which is implemented to attract the foreign investors in the country. Recommendation Pakistan has huge population which implies that there are sufficient market for the durable and consumer goods. The country should encourage more number of foreign investors from entering into the markets of Pakistan and set up new industries. It would not only increase the inflow of cash in the domestic economy but it would also lead to higher number of employment. The government should focus on improving the economic strength of the company, improving the quality of labor force and have a welcoming attitude for the foreign firms. It should also help the investors in setting up of new firms and gaining initial permits and licenses. The government should set up a special cell for FDI investments which would help the investors who are willing to put money in the country. The country should also try to increase the purchasing power of the people so that they are able to be the source of stability. Conclusion Pakistan has enormous prospects when it comes to investments by foreign investors. The foreign direct investment in Pakistan poses lucrative opportunities and there should be an increase in the policies that fosters FDI. This report explained the general overview of the country and the various economical statistics is discussed. The PEST analysis of the country is being performed along with focus on political, economic, social and technological factors. The various natural resources and factor endowments which create competitive advantage in Pakistan are discussed in detail. The foreign currency and exchange influences of Pakistan are being discussed in detail. The currency of the country is Rupee and it is managed by the Bank of Pakistan, which is considered as the central financial institution of the country. The existing trade policies, barriers, systems of Pakistan are discussed and it provides valuable insights. The current standards of foreign direct investment are being explor ed in detail. It is important to focus on formulating investor friendly national policies that would attract the FDI. References Arshad, N. and Ali, U., 2017. An analysis of the effects of residential uninterpretable power supply systems on Pakistan's power sector.Energy for Sustainable Development,36, pp.16-21. Bahmani-Oskooee, M., Iqbal, J. and Nosheen, M., 2016. Commodity trade between Pakistan and the US: is there evidence of the J-curve?.Applied Economics,48(11), pp.957-965. Bilawal, M., Ibrahim, M., Abbas, A., Shuaib, M., Ahmed, M., Hussain, I. and Fatima, T., 2014. Impact of Exchange Rate on Foreign Direct Investment in Pakistan.Advances in Economics and Business,2(6), pp.223-231. Dabla-Norris, M.E., Kochhar, M.K., Suphaphiphat, M.N., Ricka, M.F. and Tsounta, E., 2015.Causes and consequences of income inequality: a global perspective. International Monetary Fund. Finance.gov.pk. (2017).| Ministry of Finance | Government of Pakistan |. [online] Available at: https://www.finance.gov.pk [Accessed 28 Aug. 2017]. Hussain, S., Khattak, J., Rizwan, A. and Latif, A., 2014. Interactive Effects of Ansoff Growth Strategies And Market Environment on Firms Growth.British Journal of Business and Management Research,1(2), pp.68-78. Khan, M.M., Zaman, K., Irfan, D., Awan, U., Ali, G., Kyophilavong, P., Shahbaz, M. and Naseem, I., 2016. Triangular relationship among energy consumption, air pollution and water resources in Pakistan.Journal of Cleaner Production,112, pp.1375-1385. Khan, R.E.A., Sattar, R. and Rehman, H.U., 2015. Effectiveness of exchange rate in Pakistan: causality analysis. Malik, S.U., 2014. Determinants of Currency Depreciation in Pakistan. Mashkoor, A., Ahmed, O. and Herani, D., 2015. The relationship between Foreign Currency trading and Economic Development: A case Study of Pakistan. Myerson, R., 2014. Constitutional structures for a strong democracy: considerations on the government of Pakistan.World Development,53, pp.46-54. Raza, S.A., 2015. Foreign direct investment, workers remittances and private saving in Pakistan: an ARDL bound testing approach.Journal of Business Economics and Management,16(6), pp.1216-1234. Salvatore, D. ed., 2014.National Trade Policies. Elsevier. Sohail, M.T., Huang, D., Bailey, E., Akhtar, M.M. and Talib, M.A., 2013. Regulatory framework of mineral resources sector in Pakistan and investment proposal to Chinese Companies in Pakistan.American Journal of Industrial and Business Management,3(05), p.514. Spate, O.H.K. and Learmonth, A.T.A., 2017.India and Pakistan: A general and regional geography(Vol. 12). Routledge. World Bank. (2017).World Bank Group - International Development, Poverty, Sustainability. [online] Available at: https://www.worldbank.org [Accessed 28 Aug. 2017]. Bibliography Bibi, S., Ahmad, S.T. and Rashid, H., 2014. Impact of Trade Openness, FDI, Exchange Rate and Inflation on Economic Growth: A Case Study of Pakistan.International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting,4(2), p.236. Gul, S., Mohammad, I. and Amin, A., 2015. Need and Economic Impact Specific Empirical Assessment of Foreign Capital Inflows to Less Developed Countries (A Case Of Pakistan: 1981-2012).FWU Journal of Social Sciences,9(1), p.141. Iqbal, N. and Fengju, X., 2016. Impact of Exchange Rate, Relative Per Capita Income and Relative GDP on China-Pakistan Bilateral Trade.INNOVATION AND MANAGEMENT, p.1745. Jalil, A., Tariq, R. and Bibi, N., 2014. Fiscal deficit and inflation: New evidences from Pakistan using a bounds testing approach.Economic Modelling,37, pp.120-126. Mubeen, R., Nazam, M., Batool, A., Akram, S. and Ishtiaq, M., 2016. Impact of Foreign Remittances on Financial Development of Pakistan.American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences (ASRJETS),26(4), pp.54-65.
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